Air and Water Quality Advisory for Fire-Affected Areas

The recent Eaton Canyon Fire has raised serious concerns about air and water safety for residents of Altadena and neighboring communities. Below, we provide important updates and frequently asked questions (FAQs) about air and water quality, what to look out for, and how to stay safe.

Air Quality Advisory

What Is the Air Quality Index (AQI)?

The AQI measures air pollution levels, including particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, carbon monoxide, and other pollutants. It rates air quality on a scale from 0 to 500:

  • 0–50: Good – air quality is safe for everyone.

  • 51–100: Moderate – acceptable but may affect sensitive groups (e.g., those with asthma).

  • 101–150: Unhealthy for sensitive groups – individuals with respiratory conditions should limit outdoor activity.

  • 151+: Unhealthy or worse – everyone should avoid outdoor activities.

What's Missing From the AQI?

The AQI does not account for all toxins, such as heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during fires. For more comprehensive information, refer to specialized environmental monitoring services or consult your local health department.

FAQs About Air Quality

  1. How trustworthy is the AQI? The AQI provides a general guideline, but its accuracy can vary depending on your location and the type of pollutants present. Always cross-check with local environmental updates.

  2. What does PM2.5 stand for? PM2.5 refers to fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers. These particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause serious health problems, especially for individuals with asthma or heart conditions.

  3. Is the air safe for babies? Babies and young children are particularly vulnerable to poor air quality. If AQI levels are "Unhealthy" or worse, it’s best to stay indoors with an air purifier.

  4. What can I do if smoke has penetrated my home? Create a "clean room" by sealing windows and doors and using a high-efficiency air purifier. Avoid using fans that bring in outdoor air.

  5. At what distance does fire zone adjacency stop mattering? Smoke and ash can travel significant distances. Even areas far from the fire may experience poor air quality due to wind patterns.

  6. Will the air toxicity lead to long-term health issues? Prolonged exposure to toxic air, especially ash particles and VOCs, can increase the risk of chronic respiratory and other health problems. Wearing a high-quality mask (N95 or P100) is essential when outdoors.

  7. Are kids safe at school without masks? Masks should still be worn indoors if air quality is poor. Schools should have adequate ventilation and air purification measures in place.

Important Health Tips

  • Ash Is Toxic: Avoid disturbing ash, as it can release harmful particles into the air. Always wear a high-quality mask (N95 or P100) when cleaning or moving ash.

  • Masks for Everyone: Even if air quality seems better, wear a mask to protect against unseen pollutants.

  • Monitor Symptoms: Watch for respiratory issues, especially in children, the elderly, and those with preexisting conditions.

Water Safety Advisory

Current Water Safety Notices

Due to the fire's impact, local water systems have been compromised. Authorities recommend:

  • Use bottled water for drinking, cooking, and hygiene.

  • Avoid using tap water unless explicitly deemed safe by officials. Boiling water may not remove certain toxins like benzene.

How Wildfires Contaminate Water Systems

  • Negative Pressure: Allows debris and contaminants to enter water mains.

  • Backflow: Damaged infrastructure can pull contaminants into the system.

  • Heat Damage: Plastic pipes and storage tanks can absorb and leach toxic chemicals.

FAQs About Water Safety

  1. How can I ensure my water is safe? Only use bottled water or water tested and approved by local authorities. Regular updates are provided by agencies like the Kinneloa Irrigation District and Lincoln Avenue Water Company.

  2. Is there a reliable way to test water safety? You can purchase water testing kits, but it’s best to rely on professional testing conducted by local water agencies.

  3. Can I wash dishes, shower, or clean with this water?
    It depends on the level of contamination in your area. If authorities have deemed the water unsafe for general use, avoid washing dishes, showering, or cleaning with it. Toxic compounds like VOCs may not be removed through normal filtration or cleaning processes.

  4. Can I use my whole-house water filter?
    Whole-house water filters may not effectively remove all contaminants, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other toxins present due to fire damage. Check with the manufacturer or consult a water specialist to determine if your filter is rated to handle the specific contaminants in your area.

  5. Is boiling water enough to purify it?
    No, boiling water is not always enough after a wildfire. Boiling can kill bacteria and viruses but cannot remove chemical contaminants like benzene or heavy metals introduced by damaged infrastructure. Follow local advisories and use bottled water for drinking and cooking.

  6. Should I get my plumbing redone or serviced?
    If your plumbing system has been exposed to contaminated water, particularly if plastic pipes were used, toxic chemicals may have leached into the system. Consult a licensed plumber to assess your plumbing and determine if repairs or replacements are necessary.

  7. What happens if contaminated water ends up in the sewage system?
    Contaminated water in the sewage system can pose long-term environmental risks. Local utilities will typically work to treat and mitigate this, but residents should avoid dumping contaminated water or ash-laden debris into drains to minimize further pollution.

  8. Can I use contaminated water for landscaping?
    While it might seem safe to use for landscaping, toxic compounds in the water can harm plants, soil, and eventually seep into groundwater supplies. Avoid using contaminated water for any purpose until authorities confirm it is safe.

  9. How does contaminated water affect the soil?

    Contaminants from the soil can seep into groundwater supplies, posing long-term environmental and health risks. This is especially concerning in areas where wildfires have stripped vegetation, making the soil more vulnerable to infiltration by toxins.

    What Can Be Done to Mitigate Soil Contamination?

    • Testing: Conduct soil tests to identify specific contaminants and determine the extent of damage.

    • Remediation: Use soil amendments, such as activated charcoal, biochar, or organic matter, to bind toxins and restore soil health.

    • Avoid Disturbance: Disturbing ash-covered soil can release toxins into the air. Minimize movement and use protective gear when handling soil in affected areas.

    • Vegetative Recovery: Planting cover crops or native vegetation can help stabilize the soil and encourage the reestablishment of healthy microorganisms.

Contact Information

Protecting Your Health

Residents returning in affected areas should take extra precautions to ensure their water is safe. Use bottled water for all consumption and hygiene needs until authorities declare the water system safe.

Stay informed, stay safe, and check local updates regularly as recovery efforts continue.